. The history of mankind . of marking a prisoner,and to this must be referredthe tattooing of prisoners ofwar. Lichtenstein saw aXama whom the Damarashad taken prisoner. Theyhad circumcised him and ex-tracted his middle upper frontteeth: He showed us this,and added that if he hadbeen caught by them a secondtime, these very recognisablemarks would inevitably have entailed the loss of his life. Losses of life and health may be repaired by a few generations of peace, butwhat remains is the profound moral effect. This is the shattering of all trust infellow-men and in the operation of moral forces
. The history of mankind . of marking a prisoner,and to this must be referredthe tattooing of prisoners ofwar. Lichtenstein saw aXama whom the Damarashad taken prisoner. Theyhad circumcised him and ex-tracted his middle upper frontteeth: He showed us this,and added that if he hadbeen caught by them a secondtime, these very recognisablemarks would inevitably have entailed the loss of his life. Losses of life and health may be repaired by a few generations of peace, butwhat remains is the profound moral effect. This is the shattering of all trust infellow-men and in the operation of moral forces, of the love of peace and thesanctity of the pledged word. If the politics of civilized races are not distin-guished by fidelity and confidence, those of the natural races are the expressionof the lowest qualities of mistrust, treachery, and recklessness. The only meansemployed to attain an object are trickery or intimidation. In the dealings ofEuropeans with natural races they have, owing to this, had the great advantage. fffg>£3 Articles belonging to Dyak head-hunters :—1. Shield ornamented withhuman hair ; 2. Sword and knife ; 3. Skull with engraved ornamentand metal plate; 4. Basket to hold a skull. (1 and 2 probablyfrom Kutei; 3 and 4 from W. Borneo. Munich Muöeum.) i36 THE HISTORY OF MANKIND of very rarely having to face a strong combination of native powers. The singleexample of any great note is the alliance of the six nations of North AmericanIndians belonging to the Iroquois stock, which was dangerous to Europeans inthe seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. An attempt at an alliance, whichmight have been very serious, was made after the so-called Sand River treaty of1852 by Griquas, Basutos, Bakwenas, and other Bechuana tribes, but nevercame to completion, and recent years have again shown abundantly how littlethe South African tribes can do in spite of their numbers and their often con-spicuous valour, for want of the mutual confidence which might unit«! the
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