Diesel engines for land and marine work . llhorizontal engines, the pressure on the top side of thecylinder is partially counteracted by the weight of the crankand connecting rod, which is not the case in vertical motors. The horizo n t a 1Diesel engine ismade as a four ortwo cycle machine,and for large sizesthe double actingprinciple is e m -ployed. For enginesunder 200 asingle cylinder isusually employed,and for larger sizes,two cylinders arefixed side by side,with the flywheel atone end of the crankshaft. For stillgreater powers twosets of two cylinderengines are employedwith the fly
Diesel engines for land and marine work . llhorizontal engines, the pressure on the top side of thecylinder is partially counteracted by the weight of the crankand connecting rod, which is not the case in vertical motors. The horizo n t a 1Diesel engine ismade as a four ortwo cycle machine,and for large sizesthe double actingprinciple is e m -ployed. For enginesunder 200 asingle cylinder isusually employed,and for larger sizes,two cylinders arefixed side by side,with the flywheel atone end of the crankshaft. For stillgreater powers twosets of two cylinderengines are employedwith the flywheelbetween, while for the largest machines and with double acting engines atwin tandem arrangement is adopted, and for dynamodriving the generator is between the two pairs of four-cycle type may be constrvicted in one, two, orfour cylinders, but the two-cycle machine is only built intwo or four cylinders. The bed-plate of the horizontal engine is of the box pattern,the outer cvlinder covers being cast in one with it, though. Fig. 56.—Section throiigh High SpeedEngine and Air Pump. 102 DIESEL ENGINES FOR LAND AND MARINE WORK generally bolted on in the case of the two-cycle cylinder liners a,re removable, and are constructed ofclose-grained cast iron. As with vertical engines, thecylinder head which contains some of the valves is bolted onto the main cylinder casting, but the arrangement of valvesdiffers considerably from that adopted with the verticaltype. In the four-cycle type the fuel inlet valve is horizontaland in the centre of the cylinder head, while the startingvalve for admitting compressed air is arranged close tothe fuel valve. The exhaust valve is at the bottom of thecylinder head, while the air suction inlet valve is at the top,both of these valves being, of course, vertical. In the two-cycle engine ports are adopted, uncovered by the move-ment of the piston, and both the exhaust and air admissionvalves of the four-cycle machine are utili
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