. Biology in America. Biology. 174 Biology in America animals which extend further down into the following zone, the Hudsonian possessing so little that is characteristic that it may perhaps best be included in the following or Cana- dian, and the two grouped together as the Boreal zone. The Canadian zone, which on San Francisco Mountain lies between 9,500 and 8,200 feet, is characterized by the Douglas spruce, the limber pine, balsam fir and aspens. In the Boreal zone on San Francisco Mountain occur a number of animals charac- teristic of this zone in Canada and the mountains in the. Am'^' &g
. Biology in America. Biology. 174 Biology in America animals which extend further down into the following zone, the Hudsonian possessing so little that is characteristic that it may perhaps best be included in the following or Cana- dian, and the two grouped together as the Boreal zone. The Canadian zone, which on San Francisco Mountain lies between 9,500 and 8,200 feet, is characterized by the Douglas spruce, the limber pine, balsam fir and aspens. In the Boreal zone on San Francisco Mountain occur a number of animals charac- teristic of this zone in Canada and the mountains in the. Am'^' > Canadian and Transition Zone Landscape Fir forest of Canadian zone at left, open pine timber of transition zone at right, showing effect of slope exposure. Courtesy of the V. S. Bureau of Biological Survey. United States. Some of the better known which inhabit it throughout the United States and Canada are the elk, moose and woodland caribou; the weasel, fisher, martin, mink, red fox, wolverine, gray wolf; the marmot or woodchuck, por- cupine, pika and snowshoe rabbit; most of the mountain sheep and the Rocky Mountain goat, which is not a goat at all, but a relative of the European chamois or antelope. "The mammals of this sub-region (boreal) are largely of old world origin, many of them coming in with the great immigra- tions of the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, but there are also native American elements and even one genus of South. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Young, R. T. (Robert Thompson), b. 1874. Boston, R. G. Badger
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