. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2003 Poole and Heard: Habitat and Movements of Mountain Goats 571 9 Winter ? Summer. 0-100 101-200 201-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 901- >1000 1000 Distance to >100% slope (m) Figure 3. Proportion of GPS collared goat locations (+SE) in relation to distance from escape terrain (areas of >100% slope) for six Mountain Goats, Robson Valley, March - September 1999. Winter covers the period from early March to 31 May; summer from 1 June to late September. rily Subalpine Fir or a mix of Subalpine Fir and spru
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2003 Poole and Heard: Habitat and Movements of Mountain Goats 571 9 Winter ? Summer. 0-100 101-200 201-300 301-400 401-500 501-600 601-700 701-800 801-900 901- >1000 1000 Distance to >100% slope (m) Figure 3. Proportion of GPS collared goat locations (+SE) in relation to distance from escape terrain (areas of >100% slope) for six Mountain Goats, Robson Valley, March - September 1999. Winter covers the period from early March to 31 May; summer from 1 June to late September. rily Subalpine Fir or a mix of Subalpine Fir and spruce. Ninety-eight per cent of commercial forest stands (n = 372) were mature (81-140 years; 25%) or old (>140 years; 73%), while only 2% were immature (21-80 years). Subalpine Fir and spruce dominated old stands. All but six alpine forest stands were mature or old in age (n = 155). Crown closure of stands used during winter ranged from 5 to 65%, with 79% of goat use in stands with between 26 and 45% crown closure. Using GPS collar data, the period of the day ap- peared to affect elevation used and movement rates but not slope or aspect. The goats were found on average 50 to 70 m lower in elevation from evening to dawn (1830-0630 hr) compared with the rest of the day and movement rates were lower during the period from 0030 to 0630 h (Table 5). There was no difference among periods of the day in aspect selected (x29 = , P = ) or in the use of broad forest cover type (x] = , P = ). Mineral Licks Local residents told us of the location of 16 goat mineral licks that were primarily from low and mid- elevations in the northern half of the study area (G. Calef and D. Heard, unpublished data). Three o( the VHF-collared goats spent time at or near three o\' these mid-elevation licks during the study. We located three new mineral licks or focal areas (areas which we as- sumed contained licks because goats seemed to con- centrate their activity there in the same way they
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