The elastic properties of concrete under bi-axial loading . er amount than the initial modulus of elasticityis increased. This follows from the fact that the reduction in unit deforma-tion is computed for all stresses, while the modulus of elasticityis the initial modulus and is computed from the data obtained atlow loads. Prom Table VIII, p3^elOO,we have the result that,under simple compressive loading, the deformation on the crossof a compression specimen at a stress of 200 lb. per is0,84 of the deformation on the arm if we consider 2072, and itis of the deformation on the arm if
The elastic properties of concrete under bi-axial loading . er amount than the initial modulus of elasticityis increased. This follows from the fact that the reduction in unit deforma-tion is computed for all stresses, while the modulus of elasticityis the initial modulus and is computed from the data obtained atlow loads. Prom Table VIII, p3^elOO,we have the result that,under simple compressive loading, the deformation on the crossof a compression specimen at a stress of 200 lb. per is0,84 of the deformation on the arm if we consider 2072, and itis of the deformation on the arm if we neglect 2072. FromTable IX, pagelOD,we have the result that, under bi-axialloading with equal loads on the tv;o arms, the deformation on thecross of a compression specimen at a stress of 200 lb. per of the deformation on the arm. Eliminating- the effectof the shape of the specimen as usual, we have the result thatat 200 lb. per , the deformation of the concrete underbi-axial loading with equal loads in tv/o directions perpendicular. 121 to each other ic Qr or the deformation whichroulci occur under sinrple loading Ileclecting 2072 we have or \7hen the deiormation is reduced to or 0,90by bi-axial loadir^:^ conditions, we expect the modulus of elss-ticity at low loads, ,the initial modulus of elasticity,to be increased to = or = of its valueunder simple loading conditions. These results, computed forthe lov; loadc only, agree with the value of found bydrawing tangents to the stress-deformation curves. The form of the stress-deformation curve for concrete underbi-axial loading seems to indicate that the loading conditionsstiffen the concrete near failure and mal^e the stress-defomationcurve more nearly a straight line. V/hen one compressive stress is half as great as the other,and considering deformations parallel to the arm under the greaterload, we find that the modulus of elasticity of
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