. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 350 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI chambers extend into the fructification (Fig. 234, b) and are nearly- enclosed. Even in these highest forms, the meridianal folds are bound by transverse ones in a regular network which morphologi- cally is equal to that of the higher Gasteromycetes. As Morchella esculenta can discharge its ascospores to a height of several centimeters, one might conclude that the hymenia in the deeper chambers would shoot against each other; it seems, however, that the difference in temperature and dampness between the interior of t
. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 350 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI chambers extend into the fructification (Fig. 234, b) and are nearly- enclosed. Even in these highest forms, the meridianal folds are bound by transverse ones in a regular network which morphologi- cally is equal to that of the higher Gasteromycetes. As Morchella esculenta can discharge its ascospores to a height of several centimeters, one might conclude that the hymenia in the deeper chambers would shoot against each other; it seems, however, that the difference in temperature and dampness between the interior of the chambers and the outer world causes currents of air which bear the spores outward (Falck, 1916). Discomycetous Lichens.—Herewith we have ended the discussion of the Pezizales. As numer- ous representatives of this order have united with algae to form lichens and as these Discomycetous lichens play an important part in the derivation of the Ascomycetes from the Florideae, we will add a short discussion of the sexual relations of this group. We will limit ourselves here expressly to the ontogeny of the more important types and for all the remaining questions refer to the works of A. L. Smith (1921) and Tobler (1925). The previously investigated Discomycetous lichens have in common with the higher Pezizales, first, that their carpogonia do not proceed directly from the vegetative hyphae of the hypothecium but from deeply staining primordial hyphae, the so- -Collemacris- called generative hyphae. Further, a large num- pum. Development of sex- ber of their genera (Saettler, 1914, mentions 24), ual organs, a, tnchogyne ^e many Pezizales, possess helical or tangled which has copulated with a ... . conidium," the septa have ascogoma with tnchogynes which transitorily project into the open. In the Discomycetous lichens, however, antheridia similar to those of the Pezizales are unknown. As far as there is a sex- ual act, it must occur according to the Ascobolus carbonarius type
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