Bush-fruits; a horticultural monograph of raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, currants, gooseberries, and other shrub-like fruits . ent anteriorly, and a small,smooth, brown head, with stout, dark-brown jaws. The parent of this larvais a long-horned beetle, and mostprobably Prionus laticolUs, Dru. found this larva injuring rootsof grape and apple in Missouri morethan twenty years ago, and it hasbeen found also in other trees. Sofar as I am aware, it has not been heretofore recorded as a blackberry pest. Dr. Riley, from obser-vations made by him, concluded that the larva required th


Bush-fruits; a horticultural monograph of raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, currants, gooseberries, and other shrub-like fruits . ent anteriorly, and a small,smooth, brown head, with stout, dark-brown jaws. The parent of this larvais a long-horned beetle, and mostprobably Prionus laticolUs, Dru. found this larva injuring rootsof grape and apple in Missouri morethan twenty years ago, and it hasbeen found also in other trees. Sofar as I am aware, it has not been heretofore recorded as a blackberry pest. Dr. Riley, from obser-vations made by him, concluded that the larva required threeyears to come to maturity, and with this conclusion my own ob-servations agree. The pupa is formed in June or early in July, and the beetlemakes its appearance at about the middle of the latter month. Itis rarely seen, even where not uncommon, and flies principally atnight. Fortunately this borer is comparatively scarce; but whereit does occur, signs of its work are readily observable. It lives inthe large, woody portion of the main root, in which it bores hugechannels, and the sudden dying off of several canes in a hill is a. Fig. 39 Prionus 268 BUSH-FBUITS certain indication of its presence. Earely only a single cane willbe affected, and then if a crown-borer is not found, the presenceof this insect in the main root is almost certain. Remedies.—Whenever signs of its presence are noted, itshould be at once sought for and destroyed. It is more commonin old, carelessly kept fields, and, where numerous in such places,it will be better to grub out and burn all suspected stocks, andreplace them by new plants. This should be done before themiddle of June, to prevent the maturing of the beetles. The Raspberry-cane Borer (Fig. 40)Oberea bimaculata (Oliv.)—Order Coleoptera : Family Cerambyeidae Saunders, Ins. Inj. Frts. 305. Lintner, N. Y. Rep. 5: 231. Comstock and Slingerland, Bull. Cornell Exp. Sta. 23: tripunctata, Fabr. Harris Ins. Inj. Veg. 114 (Flint Ed.).Obere


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