. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ESTUARINE ECOLOGY 329 Reference: Bio/ Bull 185: 329-330. (October, RFLP Analysis of a Fragment of the Large-Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene of Globally Distributed Populations of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium Bryan S. Judge (Michigan State University). Christopher A. Scholia (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute), and Donald M. Anderson (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium includes several species that produce potent neurotoxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP).
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ESTUARINE ECOLOGY 329 Reference: Bio/ Bull 185: 329-330. (October, RFLP Analysis of a Fragment of the Large-Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene of Globally Distributed Populations of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium Bryan S. Judge (Michigan State University). Christopher A. Scholia (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute), and Donald M. Anderson (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium includes several species that produce potent neurotoxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Commonly called "red tides," these events oc- cur when shellfish and other marine animals consume the toxic phytoplankton as food, concentrating their toxins to levels that can cause illness and even death in consumers. PSP has been a problem for centuries in many of the world's coastal regions, but in recent years, the number of countries and areas affected has increased. This increase has been attributed in part to natural and human-assisted dispersal (1,2). The evaluation of dispersal hypotheses depends on an understanding of the global biogeog- raphy of Alexandrium species, yet virtually nothing is known of their biogeography. At the regional level, the inter- and intraspecific relationships of toxic Alexandrium have been assessed by morphological comparisons, isozyme electrophoresis. and toxin composition analysis ( 3, 4, 5). Unfortunately, these methodologies often gave conflicting information about the relatedness of isolates of Alexandrium from different regions. Recently, sequence analysis of a fragment of the large-subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LsrDNA) from globally distributed Alexandrium isolates re- vealed eight distinctive classes of sequences, or "ribotypes" (6). For morphologically distinct species, such as A. affine, A. min- iitum, and A andersoni, separate ribotypes are identified, con- firming the validity of species designations based
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