. The pictorial sketch-book of Pennsylvania, or, Its scenery, internal improvements, resources, and agriculture, populary described . nearly square. After leaving the roughing rollers,the iron is taken to such rollers as will reduce it to the desired shape—if it is to be run into square bars it -will pass through the grooves ofthe flat rollers—if in broad sheets for sheet-iron, it will pass throughrollers like those indicated on page 127, or if in small round orsquare bars, like those of the figure below. For sheet-iron and wire,charcoal iron is always best. In ancient times sheet-iron and oth
. The pictorial sketch-book of Pennsylvania, or, Its scenery, internal improvements, resources, and agriculture, populary described . nearly square. After leaving the roughing rollers,the iron is taken to such rollers as will reduce it to the desired shape—if it is to be run into square bars it -will pass through the grooves ofthe flat rollers—if in broad sheets for sheet-iron, it will pass throughrollers like those indicated on page 127, or if in small round orsquare bars, like those of the figure below. For sheet-iron and wire,charcoal iron is always best. In ancient times sheet-iron and otherflat iron was hammered out from the blooms by forge-hammers, andthen flattened, and the surface smoothed by smaller hammers over theanvil. This method is still pursued in some portions of Europe,where labor is not of as much consideration and value as it is in thiscountry. For this reason we are compelled to resort to machinerywhenever it can be done, and hence the proverbial ingenuity of ourcountrymen, as evinced in every department of the useful arts. Theiron to be wrought into broad sheets must previously have been run. ^v\\4kV*«\\\Y.\N\V,\X-v ROLLKES FOE SMALL BAES. into flat bars. It should be a clear, white, and fibrous iron, andadapted to the progressive capacity of the rollers. The wrenches onthe top screws of the rollers in the figure above, form a cross, so as toexpose a handle to the workmen, by means of which they are enabledto regulate ilie ikichiess of the sheets, as the iron passes between therollers. The sheet, which soon resembles sheet-iron in point of thin-ness, is then reheated, and again passed through the rollers, afterwhich two sheets are rolled together. Shee1>iron is thus made ofany required thickness, from the strong tenacious boiler-iron to thethin wafery sheet. The iron for small round and square bars is run through rollerssimilar to the above—first passing the flat grooves at a and d, then c, MANUFACTURE OF IRON. 129 and finally at b,
Size: 2554px × 978px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade, booksubjectminesandmineralresources
