Bacterial conjugation. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of two E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria conjugating. Conjugation is the process by which


Bacterial conjugation. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of two E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria conjugating. Conjugation is the process by which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another. Here a pilus (hair-like structure, centre) connects the donor bacterium to the recipient. A circular molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, known as a plasmid (not seen), passes through the pilus and will be incorporated into the recipient bacterium's genome. Plasmids often carry genes that confer advantages, such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to use a new metabolite. Magnification: x27,000 when printed at 10 centimetres wide.


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