. An inquiry concerning the Boss family and the name Boss. beused as hereditary cognizances; andwe find the Bruces of Skelton bearingArgent a lion rampant azure. Andthe second Robert de Bruis of Annan-dale—1141-1171—or his son, Rob-ert, the third in succession, —1171-1191, — used a seal bearing per fees,first, a lion passant; second, a saltire and chief. Wehave here an early example of a compounded coat ofarms — the Bruce lion placed passant in the positionof honour on the shield, and the saltire, or St. An-drews cross showing the crusader;the bearings may be describedbriefly as Annandale-Bruc
. An inquiry concerning the Boss family and the name Boss. beused as hereditary cognizances; andwe find the Bruces of Skelton bearingArgent a lion rampant azure. Andthe second Robert de Bruis of Annan-dale—1141-1171—or his son, Rob-ert, the third in succession, —1171-1191, — used a seal bearing per fees,first, a lion passant; second, a saltire and chief. Wehave here an early example of a compounded coat ofarms — the Bruce lion placed passant in the positionof honour on the shield, and the saltire, or St. An-drews cross showing the crusader;the bearings may be describedbriefly as Annandale-Bruce,and theblazon may run first argent a lion hpassant azure; second, argent (or *perhaps Or) a saltire and chiefgules. The Bruce family afterwardlaid aside the lion and bore thesimple saltire and chief. This is the earliest example ofthe saltire and chief as armorial bearings in Annan-dale, and the saltire or St. Andrews cross is probablyderived from service in the Crusades, which were en-gaged in at this time ; the third Crusade—1188-1191—. 76 is believed to mark the period when heraldic ensi^msbecame hereditary. And we learn that in lliiO agoodly company of knights and esquires from Annan-dale and the neighbourhood accompanied King Rich-ard the First to the Holy Land; and it was in thiscrusade that the crusaders had the cross on the breastof their surcoat distinguished by different colours : theFrench wore red, the English white and the followersof the count of Flanders green. Geoffrey de Vinsauf, who accompanied King Rich-ard on this crusade, mentions in his Itinerary threebearers of the name who distinguished themselves onvarious occasions. The first one noted is an archernamed William du Bois, a Norman, and a most skil-ful archer, who rendered excellent service in Cyprusin 1191; then in the same year, at Ramula, in the HolyLand, in the company of the Earl of Leicester, whodefeated the Turks, among others honourable mentionis made of Arnald du Bois, who may be
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookidinquiryconce, bookyear1902
