. The science and practice of medicine . ilage, half an inch to one inch inside the leftnipple, as low as the seventh rib (Fig. 10). The lower boundary of the right lung passes somewhat obliquely andthen transversely from the attachment of the xiphoid to the ster-num, across the cartilages of the sixth and seventh ribs backwardsto the spine, which it touches on a level with the tenth, eleventh, ortwelfth dorsal vertebrae (Fig. 9). The louier boundary of the left lung is a little lower than that of theright, and passes backwards from the point indicated on the seventh SITUATION OF THE ORGANS IN


. The science and practice of medicine . ilage, half an inch to one inch inside the leftnipple, as low as the seventh rib (Fig. 10). The lower boundary of the right lung passes somewhat obliquely andthen transversely from the attachment of the xiphoid to the ster-num, across the cartilages of the sixth and seventh ribs backwardsto the spine, which it touches on a level with the tenth, eleventh, ortwelfth dorsal vertebrae (Fig. 9). The louier boundary of the left lung is a little lower than that of theright, and passes backwards from the point indicated on the seventh SITUATION OF THE ORGANS IN THE THORAX. 535 rib, to strike on the spine at a point usually a little lower than thaton the right side. The apex of each lung lies beneath the anterior scalenus muscleand the subclavian artery. The apices of the lungs are separatedfrom each other by the oesophagus, the trachea, and the projectionanteriorly of the bodies of ihejirst and second dorsal vertebrae. The base of the right lung is hollowed by the projection upwards Fig. 10.*. of the liver, which in the centre of the thorax ascends as high asthe ffth rib or fourth interspace. The liver is also separated fromthe ribs by the expansion of the lungs between it and the thoracicwalls. Thie base of the left lung may be also pressed upon by the left lobe * Relative positions of the margins of the lungs to each other, to the thoracic?walls, and to A, the precordial region, comprehending the right ventricle of theheart, covered by its pericardium (after Dr. Fuller. See his work On Diseases ofthe Lungs and Heart). 536 SPECIAL PATHOLOGY THORACIC DISEASES. of the liver; and it is always hollowed out, though to a less degreethan the right lung, for the accommodation of the stomach andspleen, and, to some extent also, the left lobe of the liver. The heart lies between the two lungs. The right auricle and apart of the right ventricle are covered by the right lung, the restof the right ventricle being left bare by the divergence of t


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