Lise Meitner (1878-1968) was an Austrian physicist who discovered nuclear fission. This discovery led to the construction of the first atomic bomb during World War II. Meitner, who was Jewish, fled Nazi Germany for Sweden in 1938. Her fellow scientist Otto Hahn won the 1944 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for nuclear fission, but she did not share in the award, which many found unfair. Photo taken between 1940 and 1960.

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