. Frost & fire : natural engines, tool-marks & chips : with sketches taken at home and abroad by a traveller. em called the Vatna Jokull, whose baseis as large as Yorkshire. River-glaciers which flow from itare seen to the right in crossing Sprengisandr that side they flow out of hollows between strange blackpeaks and volcanic cones ; for the works of fire and frost, ofdenudation, deposition, and upheaval, are mixed in this deso-late tract. The system rests upon active volcanoes, for smoke and fire 4U DRNUDATIOX—FKoST-MARKR—LAND-ICE. l)roke out ainoiigst tlie ire in 18()2. The sm
. Frost & fire : natural engines, tool-marks & chips : with sketches taken at home and abroad by a traveller. em called the Vatna Jokull, whose baseis as large as Yorkshire. River-glaciers which flow from itare seen to the right in crossing Sprengisandr that side they flow out of hollows between strange blackpeaks and volcanic cones ; for the works of fire and frost, ofdenudation, deposition, and upheaval, are mixed in this deso-late tract. The system rests upon active volcanoes, for smoke and fire 4U DRNUDATIOX—FKoST-MARKR—LAND-ICE. l)roke out ainoiigst tlie ire in 18()2. The smoke was seen bya party of Icelnnders, who tried to cross this great frozen seaof hinil-iee ; Init they were forced to abandon their attempt, forthey found no grass for their liorses within many miles of tliesnow-fiehl They described the place where they turned as adesert of stones and black ashes, wet and frozen, with a greatrolling white sea of snow and neve, stretching to the horizon,before them. It is said that this snow-tract has been crossedand recrossed on horseback. In 18G1 an attempt to scale. Fio. 5(). .Inly -25, 1S(3-J—llriniiiig. the Orpefa was made by Mr. Holland, who published anaccount of his trip through Iceland in the book of the AlpineClub.* The eastern and the northern sid(>. of tlie mountains,and the skirts of glaci(>rs which flow from it in that direction,were seen by Mr. Holland from the eastern coast, and tliey ares(;en from KrabLi in the nortli. * ]r((ks, rass,s, (mil (Ihicin-fi. Loudon, 18G2. ARCTIC CURRENT—FLOATS—ICELAND. 415 As the steamer nears the coast, the snow-dome is seen torest upon a foundation of dark rocks, which would seem tobe sharp peaks from the coast below them. Low volcaniccones, and small hills, whose shape is characteristic of theaction of fire, fringe the Ortefa, and can be made out with telescope. The woodcut is from a sketch made imderfavourable circumstances ; and the form was carefully copiedmore th
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