Pope Urban II (1042-1099) preaching at the Council of Clermont. It was convoked in November 1095 and triggered the First Crusade by declaring holy war (bellum sacrum) against the Muslims to liberate the Holy Land. Facsimile of an engraving from "Grand Voyage de Hierusalem", printed in Paris in 1522. "Vie Militaire et Religieuse au Moyen Age et a l'Epoque de la Renaissance". Paris, 1877.


Pope Urban II.


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