. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. THE OCCIPITAL ARTERY 639 THE OCCIPITAL ARTERY The occipital artery (A. occipitalis) is usually the second in size of the terminals of the carotid. It arises commonly just in front of theinternal carotid, but in some cases with that artery by a common trknk of "variaA)le length. It pursues a some- what flexuous course to the fossa atlantis, where it divides into anterior and posterior branches. It is related superficially to the mandibular gland and the brachio- cephalicus, and deeply to the guttural pouch and the rectus capitis v
. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. THE OCCIPITAL ARTERY 639 THE OCCIPITAL ARTERY The occipital artery (A. occipitalis) is usually the second in size of the terminals of the carotid. It arises commonly just in front of theinternal carotid, but in some cases with that artery by a common trknk of "variaA)le length. It pursues a some- what flexuous course to the fossa atlantis, where it divides into anterior and posterior branches. It is related superficially to the mandibular gland and the brachio- cephalicus, and deeply to the guttural pouch and the rectus capitis ventralis major.^ The internal carotid artery, the ventral cerebral vein, and the ac- cessory, vagus, and sympathetic nerves cross its deep face. It gives off twigs to the mandibular gland, the ventral straight mus- cles of the head, the guttural pouch and the adjacent lymph glands, and two named collateral branches.^ The condyloid artery (A. condyloidea) is a small vessel which passes upward and forward on the guttural pouch, and divides into muscular and meningeal branches. The latter enter the cranium through the foramen lacerum and hypoglossal foramen and are distributed to the dura mater. This artery is very vari- able in its origin.^ The posterior meningeal artery (A. meningea aboralis)* is a much larger vessel which runs upward and forward between the obliquus capitis an- terior and the paramastoid proc- ess, passes through the mas- toid foramen into the temporal canal, enters the cranial cav- ity, and is distributed to the dura mater. It gives collateral branches to the atlanto-occipital articulation and the adjacent muscles. The posterior or recurrent iThe relation to the guttural pouch is not constant. In some cases— especially when the head and neck are extended—the artery lies behind the pouch. The backward extension of the latter is variable. a 2 The branch to the mandibular gland (A. glandulae mandibularis dor- salis) may come from the external caro- tid or the
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