Highway bridges and culverts . ven. A driving cap should be provided and the driving shouldbe done with wooden mauls. Pipe has been driven in this mannerin the winter months to depths of about 30 feet or possibly pipe, after being driven, may be pulled out with a small chainand lever, so that a sample of the material through which the pipewas driven may be brought up inside it. This material can thenbe examined as the pipes are uncoupled and cleared out. Materialthat sticks in the pipe may be loosened by placing the 4-foot sectionof pipe in a small fire sufficient to generate steam fr
Highway bridges and culverts . ven. A driving cap should be provided and the driving shouldbe done with wooden mauls. Pipe has been driven in this mannerin the winter months to depths of about 30 feet or possibly pipe, after being driven, may be pulled out with a small chainand lever, so that a sample of the material through which the pipewas driven may be brought up inside it. This material can thenbe examined as the pipes are uncoupled and cleared out. Materialthat sticks in the pipe may be loosened by placing the 4-foot sectionof pipe in a small fire sufficient to generate steam from the moisturein the material, which, as it expands, forces the material out of thepipe. Great care should be exercised to have only sufficient fire togenerate the steam slowly, or otherwise the material may shootout of the ends of the pipe like a gun, or the pipes may burst or flyout of the fire with sufficient force to injure anyone standing near. .; / Y. -/-i. 77777777$: /;?/ TSMM^m^r. Fig. 1.—Use of logs in foundations. One of the best ways to test a foundation is with a wash-drilloutfit, consisting of a drill point to which is coupled 1-inch ironpipe in 4-foot lengths. Water is forced through this pipe by a double-acting force pump operated by one or two men. Tests have beenmade with such an outfit to depths as great as 60 feet. The wash-drill may be used with or without a jacket pipe. If a jacket pipeis used, it should consist of light weight iron pipe about 3 incheson the inside diameter, cut into 4-foot lengths, which may be coupledon as the pipe sinks into the ground. The benefit of the jacket pipeis that it preserves the boring for future use and that the materialinside the pipe is washed up to the surface so that it may be examined. Plate II shows a wash-drill outfit owned by the Office of PublicRoads, which has been supplied to the office for its own work, andwhich consists of a double-acting force pump, with a cylinder 5inches in diameter,
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Keywords: ., bookauthorhoytchar, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1912
