Virulence mechanism of whooping cough bacterium, illustration. Virulence-associated gene 8 (Vag8) autotransporter protein from the whooping cough bacterium (Bordetella pertussis) bound to serum glycoprotein, a C1 inhibitor (C1-INH). C1-INH inhibits a number of inflammatory and blood clotting cascades in the body including the complement system, part of the innate immune system. It is thought that binding of Vag8 to C1-INH helps the bacterium to evade the complement system.

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Photo credit: © FRANCISCO J. ENGUITA/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
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