A Reference handbook of the medical sciences embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . ons corresponding to circular bands ofmuscle fibres and elastic tissue which are still preserved,the connective tissue between them being pushed out-ward. All the elements of the wall are more or less atro-phic, even the cartilage, which mav be replaced by con-nective tissue containing newly fcjrmed openings of the mucous glands are dilated and fun-nel-shaped. The epithelium may be well preserved, orit maj be changed to a cubical or flattened varie
A Reference handbook of the medical sciences embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . ons corresponding to circular bands ofmuscle fibres and elastic tissue which are still preserved,the connective tissue between them being pushed out-ward. All the elements of the wall are more or less atro-phic, even the cartilage, which mav be replaced by con-nective tissue containing newly fcjrmed openings of the mucous glands are dilated and fun-nel-shaped. The epithelium may be well preserved, orit maj be changed to a cubical or flattened variety, ormay be desquamated. The hy//erfrophic form occurs as a frequent sequela ofindurations and contractions of the lung these cases the greater part of the lung is usually im-jiermeable to air, and the cause of the dilatation is less aresult of the weakening of the bronchial wall, but is es-sentially dependent upon an increase of intrabronchialpressure, which is due to the fact that the air enteringthe bronchi no longer normally into the ramifica-tions of the air passages. In the case of retraction of. Fig. .5120. — Hypertrophic bronchiectasis andbronchiectatic caverns in flhroid induration oflung. (After Ziegler.) a. Indurated lung-tissue ; h, thickened pleura; c, dilated bronchus:((, cavity communicating with a dilatedbronchus. 406 REFERENCE HANDBOOK OP THE MEDKAL SCIENCES. the lung tissiu^ with pleural adhesions the outward pullupon the bronchial walls is also an important factor incausing a dilatation of the bronchial lumen. In both casestlie dilatation is favored by any inflammatory processwliich weakens the wall. The mucous membrane of thedilated bronchus in tlie mass may resemblethat found in tlie atrophic forms, or papillary or poly-poid proliferations may be present. A lattice-like mark-ins;; of the lining membrane is often seen. These mark-ings correspond to small tliickenings or elevations of them
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