. The essentials of botany. Botany. 230 PHYLUM VII. CARPOMYCETEAE ground by the rapid growth of a central mass of stalk tissue, and later by a rupture of tissues the hymenium be- comes external. 386. At maturity the spore fruit of the Mushroom consists of a short thick stalk, bearing an expanded um- brella-shaped cap, beneath which are many thin radiating plates, the gills. Each gill is a mass of fila- ments whose enlarged end-cells (basidia) come to, and completely Fig. 111.—Development of cover, both of its surfaces. The mushroom. basidia produce spores in the usual manner for plants of this
. The essentials of botany. Botany. 230 PHYLUM VII. CARPOMYCETEAE ground by the rapid growth of a central mass of stalk tissue, and later by a rupture of tissues the hymenium be- comes external. 386. At maturity the spore fruit of the Mushroom consists of a short thick stalk, bearing an expanded um- brella-shaped cap, beneath which are many thin radiating plates, the gills. Each gill is a mass of fila- ments whose enlarged end-cells (basidia) come to, and completely Fig. 111.—Development of cover, both of its surfaces. The mushroom. basidia produce spores in the usual manner for plants of this class, that is, upon slender stalks. 387. In the Pore fungi (Polyporaceae) the basidia line the sides of pores; in the Prickly Fungi (Hydnaceae) and Coral fungi (Clavariaceae) they cover the surface of spines and branches; while in the Leathery fungi (Thelephora- ceae, Stereum, etc.) they form a smooth surface. 388. Nothing is yet known as to their sexual organs. Several botanists have described such supposed organs upon the vegetative filaments before the formation of the spore fruit, but there are grave doubts as to the correct- ness of the observations, and it is the general opinion that these organs have become obsolete. 389. The vegetative filaments (mycelium) of some species of this order (as Fames fomentarius, etc.) often form thick, tough, whitish masses of considerable extent in trees and logs. 390. We know but little as to the germination of the spores and the subsequent development of the vegetative filaments. 391. Several families of more or less reduced basidium fungi which probably have been derived from the fore- going families, as the Ear Fungi (Auric\ilariales), Jelly. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bessey, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1845-1915; Bessey, Ernst Athearn, 187
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