History of Spain. Protest of King Charles IV of Spain. "I protest and declare that my decree of the 19th of March 1808, in which I have abdicated the crown in favour of my son Ferdinand, is an act to which I have been compelled in order to avoid greater misfortunes and the shedding of the blood of my beloved vassals; and must therefore be considered as null and void". Carlos. Aranjuez, 21 March 1808. A letter which King Charles IV, after his abdication, addressed to Napoleon Bonaparte protesting against the Mutiny of Aranjuez and his abdication, placing himself in his hands and treating him as
History of Spain. Protest of King Charles IV of Spain. "I protest and declare that my decree of the 19th of March 1808, in which I have abdicated the crown in favour of my son Ferdinand, is an act to which I have been compelled in order to avoid greater misfortunes and the shedding of the blood of my beloved vassals; and must therefore be considered as null and void". Carlos. Aranjuez, 21 March 1808. A letter which King Charles IV, after his abdication, addressed to Napoleon Bonaparte protesting against the Mutiny of Aranjuez and his abdication, placing himself in his hands and treating him as a superior. Engraving. Historia del Levantamiento, guerra y revolución de España by the Conde de Toreno. Madrid, 1851.
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