. British journal of entomology and natural history. Natural history; Entomology. BR. J. ENT. NAT. HIST., 3: 1990. Fig. 3. The River Spey at Aviemore. River shingle supports a specialized invertebrate fauna, including a high proportion of species not found in other habitats. However, wildlife interest for plants or vertebrates is low, and it is only recently that the invertebrate conservation interest has been more widely appreciated. stature and 'apparency'. Good examples are known for butterflies, for instance, those associated with chalk grassland have distinctive turf height preferences (B
. British journal of entomology and natural history. Natural history; Entomology. BR. J. ENT. NAT. HIST., 3: 1990. Fig. 3. The River Spey at Aviemore. River shingle supports a specialized invertebrate fauna, including a high proportion of species not found in other habitats. However, wildlife interest for plants or vertebrates is low, and it is only recently that the invertebrate conservation interest has been more widely appreciated. stature and 'apparency'. Good examples are known for butterflies, for instance, those associated with chalk grassland have distinctive turf height preferences (Butterflies Under Threat Team, 1986). Implications: levels of grazing in grasslands, heathlands and coastal habitats, and patterns of clearance in woodlands, are examples of management regimes whose intensity determines the nature of the associated invertebrate fauna. The decline of many chalk grassland butterflies following myxomatosis in Britain, has been convincingly shown to be the conse- quence of the growth of taller vegetation (Thomas, 19836; Thomas et al., 1986). Even though the correct larval foodplants can still be present, they are essentially unavailable because they are too cool and shaded within a longer sward. The monitoring and retention of suitable vegetation structures is a key point for future successful invertebrate conservation in Britain. Shade. Many insects require hot, sunny conditions for their development and activity, notably butterflies (Thomas, 1986). Others prefer cool, shaded areas to avoid desiccation. The shade lovers include many flies, molluscs, spiders, beetles, isopods and myriapods. They comprise much of the fauna associated with dead wood, leaf litter and other decaying vegetation, some water margin species, and those found in tussocks. Implications: the abandonment of coppicing and general neglect of ride management in many deciduous woods, means that shaded conditions are more widespread now than in the recent historical past. This has re
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