. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. antennule nephropores fan organs. Figure 1. (A) Location of fan organs, urinary pores (nephropores), and major chemoreceptor organs (antennules) of crayfish. (B) The fan organs are multi-segmental flagella of the mouthparts (maxillipeds) with feathered setae on the distal part. During the power stroke (scanning electron microscopy "SEM" picture of Procambams clarkii) the feathered hairs are extended. (C) During the recovery stroke (SEM picture of Procambarus clarkii) the feathered hairs are tilted downstream. White
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. antennule nephropores fan organs. Figure 1. (A) Location of fan organs, urinary pores (nephropores), and major chemoreceptor organs (antennules) of crayfish. (B) The fan organs are multi-segmental flagella of the mouthparts (maxillipeds) with feathered setae on the distal part. During the power stroke (scanning electron microscopy "SEM" picture of Procambams clarkii) the feathered hairs are extended. (C) During the recovery stroke (SEM picture of Procambarus clarkii) the feathered hairs are tilted downstream. White scale bars in SEM pictures represent 1 mm. molecules towards the receptors. Wing-fanning of silkworm moths in response to pheromone (Agosta, 1992) may aid in stimulus acquisition (Ishida et ai, 1996). Crustaceans are well known for their ability to create directed water currents by pumping or fanning appendages (Brock, 1926; Burrows and Willows, 1969; Budd et al., 1979: Koehl and Strickler, 1981; Atema, 1985; Lavalli and Factor, 1995). This behav- ior can be used for gill ventilation, locomotion, suspension feeding, and chemoreception or chemical signaling. Plank- tonic copepods, small crustaceans of 1 to 10 mm, generate water currents that are used for capturing food particles and that carry odor information from the food particles to the chemoreceptors (Yen, 2000). Here I describe the fanning behavior of crayfish, typical of larger crustaceans, that is used for both sending and receiving chemical signals in aquatic environments with stagnant flow conditions. Maxilliped Flagella, the Fan Organs of Crayfish One of the first reactions of many crustaceans to chemical stimulation is the onset of the rhythmic beating of three pairs of flagella of the maxillipeds (mouthparts). These so-called fan organs (Atema, 1985) in crayfish are distrib- uted around the mouth opening below the major chemore- ceptor organs ("antennules") and the urinary pore ("nephro- pore")
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
