. Contributions to the botany of Vermont. Plants -- Vermont. 56 Bulletin 73 our higher mountains. During the winter the little catkins remain tightly closed, but by June they lengthen into slender, drooping clusters. Yellow- birch lumber is valuable for many purposes. It takes a beautiful polish, and is becoming increasingly popular for furniture and for flooring. g Because of its graceful form and attractive, yellow bark, it merits more general usage for ornamental planting. The general similarity of the leaves and fruit of this species to those of the paper and black birches, renders further


. Contributions to the botany of Vermont. Plants -- Vermont. 56 Bulletin 73 our higher mountains. During the winter the little catkins remain tightly closed, but by June they lengthen into slender, drooping clusters. Yellow- birch lumber is valuable for many purposes. It takes a beautiful polish, and is becoming increasingly popular for furniture and for flooring. g Because of its graceful form and attractive, yellow bark, it merits more general usage for ornamental planting. The general similarity of the leaves and fruit of this species to those of the paper and black birches, renders further illustration unnecessary. HORNBEAM (IRON WOOD,. HOP HORNBEAM Leaves and fruit, X yi- hence the names ironwood, lever wood for fencing materials. LEVERWOOD, HOP HORNBEAM). Ontrya Virginicina (Mill.) Koch. Hornbeams are sometimes mis- taken and transplanted for elms, owing to the general similarity in the appearances of the young trees. The leaves of the hornbeam, however, are nearly symmetrical at the base, while those of the elm are more im- equally developed. In late summer the hornbeam is easily distinguished by its fruit hanging in hop-like heads. The hornbeam is quite generally distributed, both in the valleys and the mountainous parts of the state, but is most common in the western and southern portions. It is a small tree. The wood is very strong, tough, and durable in contact with the soil. It is used for levers, mallets and BLUE BEECH (WATER BEECH, HORNBEAM, IKONWOOD) Walt. The blue beech is a small, bushy tree rarely over twenty feet high. It is not un- common in moist soil along streams, but does not reach the higher altitudes. It is distinguished in spring by its tiny flowers arranged in loose racemes and in July by the curious leaflike wings which develop upon the fruit. A glance at its trunk makes its recognition certain at any time of year. Carpinus Caroliniana. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enha


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