. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN OF THE No. 177 Contribution from the Bureau of Crop Estimates, L. M. Estabrook, Chief. February 15, THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS. By Eugene Merritt. INTRODUCTION. The changes in the geographic distribution of the population, in the centers of agricultural production, and in the methods of transpor- tation have had marked influence on the locahzation of the dairy- industry. In early days the dairyman supplied demands within a restricted area, but the development of railroads and refri
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN OF THE No. 177 Contribution from the Bureau of Crop Estimates, L. M. Estabrook, Chief. February 15, THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS. By Eugene Merritt. INTRODUCTION. The changes in the geographic distribution of the population, in the centers of agricultural production, and in the methods of transpor- tation have had marked influence on the locahzation of the dairy- industry. In early days the dairyman supplied demands within a restricted area, but the development of railroads and refrigeration has had considerable effect on the character of the dairy industry and its locahzation. As a part of the agriculture of our country, dairying has had to compete with other types of farming. Since the products of the dairy may be consumed in the form of milk, butter, or cheese, there is a Competition among them as to what form the consumption will take. It is the purpose of this bulletin to caU attention to the influence of the various factors mentioned above. PRODUCTION OF DAIRY PRODUCTS. THE GENERAL SITUATION. In the last 40 years great changes have taken place in population, in agriculture, and in the various phases of the dairy industry of the United States. In 1870 the total population of the United States was 38,600,000. By 1900 it had nearly doubled and by 1910 lacked a little of being 92,000,000. The number of dairy cows had increased from 9,000,000 in 1870 to nearly 21,000,000 in 1910. The rate of increase for improved land was even greater than that of the popula- tion or the dairy cows; in 1870 there were 190,000,000 acres, and in 1910, 480,000,000. The increase in the total butter production had ])een even more marked, from 514,000,000 in 1870 to neajly three times that amount, or approximately 1,020,000,000 pounds, in 1910. (Jheese production, however, did not even double; the increase was from 103,000,000 to 321,000,000 pounds. There have been marked varia
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