. Types and market classes of live stock. at the hockswill travel the same way (wide), which is very the hind legs are bowed outward, they spread still fur-ther outward when the weight comes upon them in action,and usually the foot leaves the ground with a twisting motionwhich wears out shoes and is otherwise undesirable. Anydeviation from trueness in the flight of the foot not onlywastes energy, but the horse is endangered from nearby ob-jects, or may strike himself, called interfering. Viewed from the side, a nicely sloping foot and pasternleave the ground easily and describ
. Types and market classes of live stock. at the hockswill travel the same way (wide), which is very the hind legs are bowed outward, they spread still fur-ther outward when the weight comes upon them in action,and usually the foot leaves the ground with a twisting motionwhich wears out shoes and is otherwise undesirable. Anydeviation from trueness in the flight of the foot not onlywastes energy, but the horse is endangered from nearby ob-jects, or may strike himself, called interfering. Viewed from the side, a nicely sloping foot and pasternleave the ground easily and describe the arc of a circle at everystep. Straight or stubby pasterns and feet result in a short,stubby way of going that is stilted and non-elastic. A too- 324 Types and Market Classes of Live Stock sloping pastern and foot are not nicely carried, but are broughtout straight to a point in front and then slapped upon theground. (See accompanying drawings.) Other defects ofaction will be discussed in connection with the various typesof Fig. 92. Defects in Fore Legs and Their Effect on Action. Determination of age from the teeth.—The age of the horse is easily determined up to and including the fifth yearby an examination of the incisors, of which there are six inthe upper jaw and six in the lower. All of these incisors aretemporary up to two years of age, but by the time the animalhas reached the age of 21/2 to 3 years the middle pair aboveand below have been replaced by permanent incisors. Theseare broader, heavier teeth than the temporary or milk teeth,and they also have a rough and rather corrugated surface,whereas the surface of the temporary teeth is smooth. At31/2 to 4 years, two more permanent incisors, known as theintermediate pair, appear in each jaw, thus making fourpermanents above and below. At 41/2 to 5 years, the cornerpair above and below are displaced by permanents, and thehorse may be said to have reached maturity. After five yearsthe age is not so easily d
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidtypesmarketclass01vaug
