. An annotated list of the important North American forest insects. Forest insects. A loss of $5 to $20 per thousand feet of timber is a conservative esti- mate. This defect is classed as " wormholes, no living worms or de- cay," and can not be pre- vented in the tree, but of course similar defects in the green stock can be prevented by proper handling. Pinholes one twenty- fifth to one-eighth of an inch in diameter in both heartwood and sapwoocl of hardwoods and soft- woods (figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14) are caused by similar beetles.^ The defects caused by t
. An annotated list of the important North American forest insects. Forest insects. A loss of $5 to $20 per thousand feet of timber is a conservative esti- mate. This defect is classed as " wormholes, no living worms or de- cay," and can not be pre- vented in the tree, but of course similar defects in the green stock can be prevented by proper handling. Pinholes one twenty- fifth to one-eighth of an inch in diameter in both heartwood and sapwoocl of hardwoods and soft- woods (figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14) are caused by similar beetles.^ The defects caused by these pinholes and stains (discolored streaks and joatches) (figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 13) reduce the grade of timber and its full strength, unfitting it for structural timber, wagons, agricultural implements, tight cooper- age, and shingles. A 25 per cent loss of elm cooperage stock in logs at the mills in Illinois was due to such defects. In some cases millions of feet of timber have been reduced 10 to 25 per cent or more in value by pinhole de- fects. In deadened standing cypress in the Gulf States, pin- hole injury can be prevented by gir- dling the trees in Alarch, April, Oc- tober, and Novem- ber 1^8), but from August to Septem- ber is apparently the most elfective season. Fig. 13.—Pinholes caussi'd by ambrosia beetles (Xi/le- borus sp.) iu imported greenheart (Xcctaiulra rodioei). Fig. 14.—Pinhole daniage by ambrosia ..., yXylfhwic-i gretiadensis) to Huia wood (Rakuda) imported from Cen- tral America " Platypus, Monarthrum, Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Craighead, Frank C. (Frank Cooper), 1890-; Perry, George S; Snyder, Thomas Elliott, b. 1885; Hopkins, A. D. (Andrew Delmar), 1857-1948; MacAloney, Harvey John, 1896-; Graham, Samuel Alexander, 1891-; Peirson
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Keywords: ., bookauthorhopkinsadandrewdelmar, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900
