. Water reptiles of the past and present . Fig. iis Fig. 116 Figs. 115 and 116.—Trachemys. (From Hay) Fig. 115.—Skull from above: fr, frontal; ju, jugal; pa, parietal; paoc, paroc-cipital; pfr, prefrontal; pof, postfrontal; pro, prootic; qn, quadrate; sq, squamosal;soc, supraoccipital. Fig. 116.—Skull from below: ah, alveolar surface of maxilla; hoc, basioccipital;bap, basisphenoid; exoc, exoccipital; mx, maxilla; pal, palatine; paoc, paroccipital;pmx, premaxilla; pro, prootic; pt, pterygoid; qu, quadrate; qj, quadra to jugal;sq, squamosal; vom, vomer. In the feet the numbers of phalanges—that
. Water reptiles of the past and present . Fig. iis Fig. 116 Figs. 115 and 116.—Trachemys. (From Hay) Fig. 115.—Skull from above: fr, frontal; ju, jugal; pa, parietal; paoc, paroc-cipital; pfr, prefrontal; pof, postfrontal; pro, prootic; qn, quadrate; sq, squamosal;soc, supraoccipital. Fig. 116.—Skull from below: ah, alveolar surface of maxilla; hoc, basioccipital;bap, basisphenoid; exoc, exoccipital; mx, maxilla; pal, palatine; paoc, paroccipital;pmx, premaxilla; pro, prootic; pt, pterygoid; qu, quadrate; qj, quadra to jugal;sq, squamosal; vom, vomer. In the feet the numbers of phalanges—that is, the bones of thefree digits—are like those of mammals, that is, two in the firstand three in each of the other four digits. The land tortoises havelost some of these, while the river turtles have either gained oneor two in the fourth finger and fourth toe, or else have enjoyedan uninterrupted descent from the primitive reptiles which normally 222 WATER REPTILES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT possessed that number. All other reptil
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