. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. RESOURCE ANAL YSIS ETHANOL PRODUCTION and FUEL CONSUMPTION. i i i 1980 1985 1990 YEAR Figure 10. Illinois ethanoi production, 1975-1992. Source: Illinois Corn Growers Association. conversion of corn to ethanoi both require large fossil fuel energy inputs. The answer depends on what data are used, what conceptual boundaries are chosen, and several other issues. One research group found ethanoi close
. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. RESOURCE ANAL YSIS ETHANOL PRODUCTION and FUEL CONSUMPTION. i i i 1980 1985 1990 YEAR Figure 10. Illinois ethanoi production, 1975-1992. Source: Illinois Corn Growers Association. conversion of corn to ethanoi both require large fossil fuel energy inputs. The answer depends on what data are used, what conceptual boundaries are chosen, and several other issues. One research group found ethanoi close to producing zero net energy (Chambers et al. 1979). Another found that positive net energy results (Goering 1992). the location, depth, extent, and seam thickness. Coal reserves are difficult to determine; the starting figure for this report is 50 billion tons, which was established in 1976 (Illinois Department of Energy 1982). How- ever, this is likely an overestimate. Accounting for mining and cleaning losses, difficulties with thin seams, and other factors, a more realistic value is between 4 and 20 billion tons (Damberger, 1993, personal communication). Hence we use 20 billion tons, acknowledging its uncertainty. This is equivalent to 1800 tons per Illinois citizen. If spread out evenly over the entire state, it would form a layer 2 inches thick. If it were burned, the CO, produced would represent of the present atmospheric CO,. Illinois coal reserves greatly exceed annual consump- tion. The static lifetime has increased from 555 years in 1960 to 615 years in 1990 (Figure 12). Given the uncertainty of reserves figures, the fluctuations in this COAL COAL Coal use and the quality of the environment are intricately linked. For example, coal use in Illinois creates 31 % of the energy-related C02 and approxi- mately nine-tenths of the S02(USEPA 1991). Illinois has about 10% of the nation's coal reserves and today accounts for 5% of coal production in the United States. The
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