. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder. Oceanography Bering 1236 Benthic biology PACIFIC COD GADUS MACROCEPHALUS SAND LANCE \ \ MISC. POLLOCK HERRING CAPELIN FISHES. SMALL BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES ANIMAL REMAINS ZOOPLANKTON DEPOSITED ORGANICS DETRITUS BACTERIA BENTHIC DIATOMS MEIOFAUNA Figure 69-5. A food web showing carbon flow to Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in the eastern Bering Sea. Bold lines indicate major food sources. Sea stars (Asteroidea). The dominant sea stars of the eastern Bering Sea, Asterias amurensis, L
. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder. Oceanography Bering 1236 Benthic biology PACIFIC COD GADUS MACROCEPHALUS SAND LANCE \ \ MISC. POLLOCK HERRING CAPELIN FISHES. SMALL BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES ANIMAL REMAINS ZOOPLANKTON DEPOSITED ORGANICS DETRITUS BACTERIA BENTHIC DIATOMS MEIOFAUNA Figure 69-5. A food web showing carbon flow to Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in the eastern Bering Sea. Bold lines indicate major food sources. Sea stars (Asteroidea). The dominant sea stars of the eastern Bering Sea, Asterias amurensis, Lep- tasterias polaris acervata, Evasterias echinosoma, and Lethasterias nanimensis, are food generalists (see Sloan 1980 for a general review of the feeding biology of sea stars). Asterias amurensis examined from the southeastern Bering Sea fed mainly on humpy shrimp (Pandalus goniurus) and a sand dollar (Echinarachnius parma), although a variety of organ- isms were taken (Feder and Jewett 1980). Asterias amurensis examined from northeastern Bering Sea waters consumed a sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) and Echinarachnius parma (Feder and Jewett 1978). Leptasterias polaris acervata from the southeastern Bering Sea fed solely on a cockle (Clinocardium ciliatum) (Feder and Jewett 1980), whereas L. polaris acervata from the north- eastern Bering Sea most frequently consumed Echin- arachnius parma, barnacles (Balanus spp.), and cockles (Cyclocardia crebricostata and Serripes groenlandicus) (Feder and Jewett 1978). Further north in the Chukchi Sea and Kotzebue Sound, L. polaris acervata preyed mainly on two ascidians (Chelyosoma orientale and Boltenia echinata), a gastropod (Natica clausa), a polychaete worm (Cistenides sp.), and a clam (Macoma calcarea). Four other clam species were also taken. Evasterias echino- soma and Lethasterias nanimensis from the north- eastern Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and Kotzebue Sound fed primarily on clams, specifically the Greenland co
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