Ontario High School History of England . so, the rightto marry heiresses andwidows of w^hom he wasthe guardian (see p. 57).After John had arousedthe barons^ his folly ledhim to quarrel with thechurch. Hubert Walterdied in 1205, and thisleft vacant the ofhce ofArchbishop of Canter-bury. Since the arch-bishop was always abbotof the monastery ofChrist Church, Canter-bury, it was the practicefor the monks to elect asabbot a person chosen bythe king, after consultingthe bishops of the pro-vince, and this personbecame archbishop. Now, however, the monks did notconsult John, but hurriedly chose their
Ontario High School History of England . so, the rightto marry heiresses andwidows of w^hom he wasthe guardian (see p. 57).After John had arousedthe barons^ his folly ledhim to quarrel with thechurch. Hubert Walterdied in 1205, and thisleft vacant the ofhce ofArchbishop of Canter-bury. Since the arch-bishop was always abbotof the monastery ofChrist Church, Canter-bury, it was the practicefor the monks to elect asabbot a person chosen bythe king, after consultingthe bishops of the pro-vince, and this personbecame archbishop. Now, however, the monks did notconsult John, but hurriedly chose their sub-prior and senthim to Rome to be confirmed by Pope Innocent III. WhenJohn learned this, he sent his own nominee to Romewithout consulting the bishops. Thus both sides actedirregularly. The Pope did not Hke either nominee, and henamed to the vacant see an English cardinal at Rome,Stephen Langton. John was furious. He swore thatLangton should not set foot in England, and laid handson the property of his see. To check John the resolute. Chateau Gaillard(After Turner) THE FORMING OF THE ENGLISH NATION 87f Innocent placed England under an interdict. All thechurches were closed; mass was not said; even the deadwere buried without sacred rites. Yet John, we are told,was wonderfully little disturbed. At last, the Popeexcommunicated him. Soon after, he absolved Johnssubjects from their allegiance, and invited Philip of Franceto seize England, as he had already seized Normandy. ^ 4. The Great Charter \ Johns submission to tlie church, 1313.—John was begin-ning to see what his folly had done, and now, when heheard the prophecy of a holy hermit that, within ten days,he should cease to reign, he was seized with panic. Thechurch could help him most, so he yielded to it on everypoint. He agreed to receive Langton as archbishop, andto restore the churchs property. He went farther anddid what no king of England had ever done, what Williamthe Conqueror had steadily refused to do (see p. 60
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