. Official proceedings . to do this in the first cars I built. Theweight of the material in the two sections shown in exhibit Gare almost exactly the same. The question of making a wide and rigid top or compres-sion member on a plate girder is looked upon as necessary byall engineers, and in the case of a side girder in a car that hasto resist lateral forces due to retaining the load, it must beassisted for the reason that to make a member wide enough toresist this force for a distance of 30 or 40 feet would make itso wide that it would take up a lot of the room from the load. This next exhibi
. Official proceedings . to do this in the first cars I built. Theweight of the material in the two sections shown in exhibit Gare almost exactly the same. The question of making a wide and rigid top or compres-sion member on a plate girder is looked upon as necessary byall engineers, and in the case of a side girder in a car that hasto resist lateral forces due to retaining the load, it must beassisted for the reason that to make a member wide enough toresist this force for a distance of 30 or 40 feet would make itso wide that it would take up a lot of the room from the load. This next exhibit, which I call H, shows the method I em-ployed in my cars that are in service. An angle iron shapedinner member placed flat up against the web of a cross floorbeam with a sufficient number of rivets acting in direct shear,so as to resist this lateral stress, and attached to a memberwhich is able to hold it, that is the floor beam, and in this case 28o Proceedings Railway Club of Pittsburgh. 5-0 TO CENTER. 9 I - 21 SECTION NEAR CENTER. Exhibit H. 1 put it clear across the car from side to side, the simplest formof construction. That enables me to support the top of thecar at intervals, and with the top made sufficiently wide andheavy it has been found to resist all the stresses the car hasbeen subject t<». I do not think that the zig-zag in the top of the cars exhibited is due in all cases to unloading machines, though it maybe in some of them. But as in some cases the members arepushed out and in others in, it would indicate that it could no!be from the unloading machines. PRESIDENT: Mr. Stark, ypu have some trouble withweak cars. MR. F. II. STARK: I do not feel competent to talk onthis subject. I feel grateful to the author of the paper EoJ Discussion—End Shocks in Car Service. 281 having stated that the railroads and car builders have giventhe question of theoretical design some consideration. I be-lieve he is the first mechanical engineer that has ever given the
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