. The industries of Japan : together with an account of its agriculture, forestry, arts, and commerce. From travels and researches undertaken at the cost of the Prussian government. va), Zokudzui-shi,spurgeworts-oil (from Euphorbia Lathyris), and Shira-shibori,cold-pressed rape-oil, as well as the R6 from the sumachs. In manufacturing these various vegetable-fats, the Japanese, aswell as the Chinese, employ wooden wedge-presses of various con-structions. A reproduction of one of these is given by StanislasJulien, in his well-known book, Industrie de lEmpire Chinois,p. 119. Another kind is that
. The industries of Japan : together with an account of its agriculture, forestry, arts, and commerce. From travels and researches undertaken at the cost of the Prussian government. va), Zokudzui-shi,spurgeworts-oil (from Euphorbia Lathyris), and Shira-shibori,cold-pressed rape-oil, as well as the R6 from the sumachs. In manufacturing these various vegetable-fats, the Japanese, aswell as the Chinese, employ wooden wedge-presses of various con-structions. A reproduction of one of these is given by StanislasJulien, in his well-known book, Industrie de lEmpire Chinois,p. 119. Another kind is that which I frequently saw used in AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES. 151 Japan, not only for oils, but also for vegetable tallow, and of whicha sketch is given here. Its arrangement and mode of operationneed no further explanation. Of course the fatty substance, afterbeing chopped up in a simple stock, is generally heated before itis put under pressure in the hollowed stone, or block, or box, asthe case may be. As with us, the seed-meal is wrapped in bags orcloths. It often happens that the arrangement for receiving theliquid oil does not simply stand on the ground, but is sunk into lilt Fig. 9. The extraction of oils by chemical process has never been in opera-tion in East Asia, for almost all the solvents of oil in use among usare lacking. As to the several fats mentioned above, and their products, thefollowing statements may be here made : 1. Tane abura, the oil of rape-seed (Na-tane) is mostly burnedin lamps. Because of the harsh taste it imparts to food, its use inthe kitchen is confined to the place where it is produced. This 152 AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY. rape (Brassica chinensis, L.), called Na, Abura-na, or T6-na, is morelargely cultivated in Japan than all the other oil plants—so too inChina, I suppose—and, to the best of my observation, always as awinter crop. Seed time is in September or October ; flowering inApril, and harvest in July. It is often planted side by side
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