Bergen's botany, key and floraNorthern and central states ed . ikelet with theouter glumes removed: c, c, the inner empty glumes (neuter flowers) withlong, bristle-shaped appendages; d, e, palets; anth., anthers; stlg., , diagram of cross section of a spikelet: a, glume; d, palet. D, a fruit.(All magnified.) (After Cosson and De Saint-Pierre) a grain. (The family is too difficult for the beginner, but thestructure and grouping of the flowers may be gathered from acareful study of Figs. 2, 3, 4.) 5. CYPERACE^. Sedge Family Grass-like or rush-like herbs, with solid, usually triangular,s
Bergen's botany, key and floraNorthern and central states ed . ikelet with theouter glumes removed: c, c, the inner empty glumes (neuter flowers) withlong, bristle-shaped appendages; d, e, palets; anth., anthers; stlg., , diagram of cross section of a spikelet: a, glume; d, palet. D, a fruit.(All magnified.) (After Cosson and De Saint-Pierre) a grain. (The family is too difficult for the beginner, but thestructure and grouping of the flowers may be gathered from acareful study of Figs. 2, 3, 4.) 5. CYPERACE^. Sedge Family Grass-like or rush-like herbs, with solid, usually triangular,stems, growing in tufts. The sheathing base of the generally3-ranked leaves, wdien present, is not slit as in grasses. Theflowers are usually somewhat less inclosed by bracts thanthose of grasses; the perianth is absent or rudimentary;stamens generally 3; style 2-cleft or 3-cleft. 24 KEY AND FLORA The flower cluster and the flower of a sedge may be under-stood from an inspection of Fig. 5. The species are even more diflicult to determine than thoseof Fig. 5. Inflorescence, flower, and seed, of a sedge(Great Bulrush, Scirpus lacustris) A, magnified flower, surrounded by a perianth of hypogynous bristles; B, theseed; C, section of the seed, showing the small embryo inclosed in the baseof the endosperm. (After Lindley) 6. ARACE^. Arum FamilyPerennial herbs, with pungent or acrid juice. Leaves oftennetted-veined. Small, unisexual or bisexual flowers, clustered ARUM FAMILY 25 along a peculiar fleshy spike called a sjKidix, and frequentlymore or less covered by a large, hood-like bract called a , when present, of 4-6 parts; often wanting. Fruitusually a berry. I. ARIS^MA Martius Perennial herbs, springing from a corm or a tuberous root-stock. Spathe rolled up at base. Summit of spadix naked, thelower part flower-bearing; staminate flowers above, pistillateones below. Stigma flat. Ovary 1-celled. Berry 1-few-seeded. 1. A. triphyllum Schott. Indian Turnip, Jack-
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectplants, bookyear1908
