. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. November, 1961 Smith: Amphibians and Reptiles of Illinois 113 male near Valmeyer on two occasions, both in June. According to Wright & Wright (1949), each female produces approximately 850 eggs as small surface films, one layer deep, each layer composed of 10 to 90 eggs. The egg of this species is unique among Illi- nois amphibians in that it has a flat surface rather than being perfectly spherical. Hatch- ing occurs in a few days, and transformation is said to occur in 20 to 70 days. The tad- pole is unique inasmuch as it has a sucking disc ra
. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. November, 1961 Smith: Amphibians and Reptiles of Illinois 113 male near Valmeyer on two occasions, both in June. According to Wright & Wright (1949), each female produces approximately 850 eggs as small surface films, one layer deep, each layer composed of 10 to 90 eggs. The egg of this species is unique among Illi- nois amphibians in that it has a flat surface rather than being perfectly spherical. Hatch- ing occurs in a few days, and transformation is said to occur in 20 to 70 days. The tad- pole is unique inasmuch as it has a sucking disc rather than labial teeth, mandibles, and oral papillae. Illinois Distribution.—The eastern nar- row-mouthed toad has been assumed to oc- cur in Illinois since Davis & Rice (1883a) published the first check list of Illinois am- phibians and reptiles, but no specimens were secured until 1948. Since a number of col- lectors had attempted unsuccessfully to find the species in the southern tip of the state,. Fig. 95.—Distribution of Gastrophryne caro- linensis. Hatching indicates the presumed range of the subspecies carolinensis in Illinois; solid circles indicate localities represented by specimens examined during this study. The lower map depicts the total range of the species in the United States. it was with some surprise that I discovered a colony of narrow-mouthed toads within 35 miles of St. Louis, fig. 95. Systematic collecting, aimed at extending the known range of the species, has shown it to be com- mon along the Mississippi River bluffs of Monroe and Randolph counties but has re- vealed no greater range than this. Its range in adjacent Missouri is poorly known. Shortly after the discovery of Gastro- phryne in Illinois, a specimen was recorded from southeastern Iowa (Klimstra 1950). The apparently disjunct range of the spe- cies suggests that this frog was formerly widespread in occurrence and that some ad- verse environmental conditions, presumably lower temperatur
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