. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 1322 VARIETIES OF MANKIND. as characteristic. It is met with habitants of various quarters of the globe; but is nearly always associated with squalor and destitution, ignorance and brutality. In- stead of following an agricultural or pas- toral life, the people among whom it pre- vails are, for the most part, hunters, or inhabitants of low marshy forests, dependent for their supplies of food upon the chase, or upon the accidental produce of the soil, and but little advanced in any of the arts which are characteristic of
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 1322 VARIETIES OF MANKIND. as characteristic. It is met with habitants of various quarters of the globe; but is nearly always associated with squalor and destitution, ignorance and brutality. In- stead of following an agricultural or pas- toral life, the people among whom it pre- vails are, for the most part, hunters, or inhabitants of low marshy forests, dependent for their supplies of food upon the chase, or upon the accidental produce of the soil, and but little advanced in any of the arts which are characteristic of civilisation. Such is the character of those aborigines of Australia, and of certain islands of the Polynesian Ar- chipelago, amongst whom the prognathous type is presented almost, if not quite, as characteristically as among the Negroes of the Guinea coast. The skulls of some of these inferior races have been asserted by Dr. JohnNeill * to pre- sent a division of the articulating surface of each occipital condyle into two facets, by a groove or ridge ; which appears to be the persistent indication of the fissure that originally separates the basi-occipital bone from the ex-occipitals. This character, how- ever, is far from being constant in any one family. Thus it was only found in 30 out of 81 African crania; whilst it presented itself in only 4 pure Egyptian heads in Dr. Mor- ton's collection, in 3 out of 105 skulls of aboriginal Americans, and in none of the other 129 skulls of different nations whose history was well known. Thus, although more common among the African races than in the others, and marking in them (like the occasional persistence of the separate inter- maxillary bone to a later period than usual) a less complete development, yet its presence in but little more than one-third even of the Negro-crania, and its occasional existence elsewhere, altogether destroy its title to be considered a mark of separation-between dif- ferent branches of the human family. T
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