The fireside university of modern invention, discovery, industry and art for home circle study and entertainment . Fig. 88. WOLLASTONS REFLECT-ING ANGLE MEASURER FORCRYSTALS. CHEMISTRY. 235 the chemists take other light or gaseous compounds of , Sulphur Chloride weighs On taking it apart, it isfound to contain per cent, of Chlorine, and this percentageis very close indeed to weights of Hydrogen taken inChlorine. When Oxygen is tested in compounds, it continuallyshows either times the weight of Hydrogen, or multiplesof What Elements have been tested
The fireside university of modern invention, discovery, industry and art for home circle study and entertainment . Fig. 88. WOLLASTONS REFLECT-ING ANGLE MEASURER FORCRYSTALS. CHEMISTRY. 235 the chemists take other light or gaseous compounds of , Sulphur Chloride weighs On taking it apart, it isfound to contain per cent, of Chlorine, and this percentageis very close indeed to weights of Hydrogen taken inChlorine. When Oxygen is tested in compounds, it continuallyshows either times the weight of Hydrogen, or multiplesof What Elements have been tested and weighed as gaseouscompounds ? About thirty, of which Boron, Bromine, Carbon, Chlorine,Hydrogen, Iodine, Lead, Mercury, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phos-phorus, Silicon, Sulphur, Tin and Zinc are the most important. How did the chemists study the Elements that they could notreadily treat in the form of gases ? They attempted to ascertain the Specific Heat. If the Ele-ments be raised in temperature, say from 50 to 55 degrees, a. Fig. 89. APPARATUS FOR COMPARING THE SPECIFIC HEAT OF ANY TWO BODIES. different amount of heat will be required for each one, and ifthey be lowered ten degrees, each one will give off a differentamount of heat. For a standard, one gramme of water is raised 236 THE FIRESIDE UNIVERSITY. from a temperature of o to i degree Centigrade in Paris. Thiswould be a heat-unit. Define these terms ? A gramme is a French unit of weight. A cubic centimetre ofwater at degrees Fahrenheit at Paris, in a vacuum, grains avoirdupois. A Centigrade thermometer has zeroat the freezing point (32 degrees Fahrenheit), and the space tothe boiling point (212 degrees Fahrenheit), is divided into onehundred places or degrees. What was found by Specific Heat ? The Elements usually absorbed or gave off a number of heatunits which could be multiplied times in order to get thefigure representing the weight of the atom, according to Avo-gadros hypothesis. The scientists then
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectscience, bookyear1902
