. Electrolytes in biological systems, incorporating papers presented at a symposium at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, on September 8, 1954. Electrophysiology; Electrolytes; Electrolytes; Electrophysiology; Physiology, Comparative. 142 ELECTROLYTES IN" BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS the resistance to cation diffusion. The apparent increase in the rate of cell metabolism when S-S cell are incubated in N2 rather than O2 may be corre- lated with the increased rate of cation transport involving chemical reactions in the sickled cell (109). Dog Red Cells Frazier et al. (23)
. Electrolytes in biological systems, incorporating papers presented at a symposium at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, on September 8, 1954. Electrophysiology; Electrolytes; Electrolytes; Electrophysiology; Physiology, Comparative. 142 ELECTROLYTES IN" BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS the resistance to cation diffusion. The apparent increase in the rate of cell metabolism when S-S cell are incubated in N2 rather than O2 may be corre- lated with the increased rate of cation transport involving chemical reactions in the sickled cell (109). Dog Red Cells Frazier et al. (23) have measured K transport in dog red cells as a function of the K concentration in the medium. They found that K influx into separated dog red cells (white cells discarded) could be described by the relation (fig. 4) 'Mk = [K],„ - .003 This value for D'k may be compared with the value .016 derived from the flux ratio analysis of their data (tables i, 2). In the calculation of "Ick it was assumed that K outflux was .11 mM/(l. RBC) X (hr.) and [K]c — mn/ DOG CELLS - 38° C. Fig. 4. K influx into dog red cells is plotted as a function of K concentration in the medium ([K™]). kg H2O, their mean values. These values for D'k in dog cells are not too dif- ferent from the values of . obtained for human cells. The apparent activation energy for K influx in dog cells is 12,000 cal/mole. Measurements of Na transport in dog cells (95) do not include the eff'ect of variations of [Na],„ in Na influx. However, inspection of the rate constants shown in table i shows that the ratio of the inward to outward rate constant for Na transport closely approximates that predicted for diffusion. The value of D'xa = 'kNa = .093 is considerably higher than the value of .021 obtained for human red cells at 37°C. Thus, K and Na transport in dog red cells can, in large part, be accounted for according to diffusion theory. Furthermore, the effective diffusion coef- ficient for
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