. Elementary entomology. Insects. 228 ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY Gall-gnats. The smallest and most deli- cate of the gnatlike flies are the gall-gnats (Cecidomyiidac). The adults are rarely over one eighth of an inch long, with long antennae clothed with short hairs, and with the wing-veins greatly reduced in number. They will be rarely noticed by the begin- ner, but the work of the larvae is often much in evidence, owing to their feeding within the stems and leaves of plants and giving rise to galls. Frequently a green, cone-shaped gall is found on the tips of willow twigs, known as the pine-cone
. Elementary entomology. Insects. 228 ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY Gall-gnats. The smallest and most deli- cate of the gnatlike flies are the gall-gnats (Cecidomyiidac). The adults are rarely over one eighth of an inch long, with long antennae clothed with short hairs, and with the wing-veins greatly reduced in number. They will be rarely noticed by the begin- ner, but the work of the larvae is often much in evidence, owing to their feeding within the stems and leaves of plants and giving rise to galls. Frequently a green, cone-shaped gall is found on the tips of willow twigs, known as the pine-cone willow-gall, which is caused by one of FIG. 359. Pear midge (Di- „ . , .. ., x plosispyrivord). (Enlarged) these larvae (Cccidomyia strobiloides]. (After Riiey) The larvae of the clover-seed midge live in the heads of clover and destroy the seed so that in many sections it is often impossible to mature it. The best-known exam- ple of the family, an d our worst wheat pest, is the Hessian fly, so called be- cause it was sup- posedly introduced in straw brought over to Long Is- land by the Hes- sian troops during the Revolutionary War. The mag- gots bore into the crown and stalks of wheat, weaken- ing the plant and seriously curtailing production where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Sanderson, Dwight, 1878-1944; Jackson, C. F. (Cicero Floyd), b. 1882. Boston, New York [etc. ] Ginn and Company
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