. The Röntgen rays in medical work . e calculus being phosphatic, any one or more of whichmay render this process nugatory. When a distinct isolated shadowresembling a stone is shown, you may be pretty certain that thereis one present. But negative evidence as to the presence of stoneby the Eontgen rays should not deter you from exploring thekidney by operation when the symptoms of stone are well marked. * British Medical Journal, May 25, 1901, p. 1258. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL APPLICATIONS 181 II. BONES. {a) GENERAL REMARKS. The following experiment was devised by the author with a viewof ascerta
. The Röntgen rays in medical work . e calculus being phosphatic, any one or more of whichmay render this process nugatory. When a distinct isolated shadowresembling a stone is shown, you may be pretty certain that thereis one present. But negative evidence as to the presence of stoneby the Eontgen rays should not deter you from exploring thekidney by operation when the symptoms of stone are well marked. * British Medical Journal, May 25, 1901, p. 1258. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL APPLICATIONS 181 II. BONES. {a) GENERAL REMARKS. The following experiment was devised by the author with a viewof ascertaining to what particular element of bone the Rontgenray shadow of bone was due. Three small bones were taken fromjust above the hoof of a sheep; the first was left in its naturalcondition, the second decalcified by soaking for several days indilute hydrochloric acid, and the third calcined in a furnace. Thethree bones thus prepared were placed side by side on a sensitiveplate, and subjected to the rays, with the result reproduced in. Fig. 87.—Theee Small Bones from Foot of Sheep: on Left, Normal;in Centre, Decalcified ; on Right, Calcined (and Cracked by the Heat). Fig. 87. The normal bone on the left affords a standard forrelative comparison; the centre or decalcified one casts a muchfainter shadow; and the calcined one on the right yields a photo-graphic record as dark as the normal bone, but sharper and clearerin detail. It should be noted that the process of decalcification wasnot completely carried out, so that some of the shadow in the centrebone, especially in its lower portion, is doubtless due to lime salts 1S2 THE RONTGEN RAYS IN MEDICAL WORK that have not been entirely removed by the acid. This simpleexperiment seems to show that the main part of the shadow thrownb}^ bone is due to its contained lime salts. The opacity of bone to the Kbntgen rays is much greater thanthat of the neighbouring soft tissues—a fact doubtless due to theearthy matters which form three-
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