. Radiography and radio-therapeutics . kidney. The most frequent position is in the pelvis or vary in size and composition. The commoner stones are the oxalatesand the uric-acid and phosphatic varieties, the uric-acid calculi being themost frequently met with. A rarer variety is composed of cystin. Thegreat majority of kidney stones, however, are of mixed composition. It isvery rare to get a pure uric-acid calculus. The shadows thrown by stonesvary in density, the oxalic variety giving the densest shadow, the phos-phatic next, and lastly the uric-acid variety. Stones may vary in s
. Radiography and radio-therapeutics . kidney. The most frequent position is in the pelvis or vary in size and composition. The commoner stones are the oxalatesand the uric-acid and phosphatic varieties, the uric-acid calculi being themost frequently met with. A rarer variety is composed of cystin. Thegreat majority of kidney stones, however, are of mixed composition. It isvery rare to get a pure uric-acid calculus. The shadows thrown by stonesvary in density, the oxalic variety giving the densest shadow, the phos-phatic next, and lastly the uric-acid variety. Stones may vary in stones have been found to occlude the pelvis, and to have branchedramifications, filling up the calices. Small calculi may be found in the sub-stance of the kidney, and vary in size from minute bodies to the size of ahazel nut. When many calculi are present they are usually faceted. Fig. 316 is an interesting example of multiple shadows in the renal Calculi.—2. In the Ureter.—A small stone will find its way. Fig. 318.—Pelvis showing opaque catheters in ureters. On the right a shadow is seen at the outer side of the stereoscopically the shadow was seen to lie behindthe ureter, and this was confirmed at operation. CALCULUS IN THE URETER 375 down the ureter into the bladder. The passage of a stone is usually accom-panied by symptoms, the chief of which is renal colic. This may be severein character, and does not bear an exact relationship to the size of the small irregular stone may give rise to very severe renal colic ; a largersmooth stone may pass more readily down the ureter, and not give rise tomarked symptoms. The stone in its passage down the ureter may bearrested at any part of its course, the commonest seat of arrest being in thepelvis, close to the entrance to the bladder. The symptoms may be marked Patient aged 27 years, At age of 4 an attack of acutepain in the left renal region followed by hsematuria. Manysimilar
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