A history of the United States . , destrojdng crops and provisions, anddriving all the live stockbefore them with the ob-ject of so devastatingthat region that it wouldbe impossible for a Con-federate army to marchthrough it. Henceforth operationsin Virginia were confined largely to the region around Richmond. General Lee not only hadto defend the Confeder-ate capital, but he hadalso to hold Petersburgin order to keep up com-munications with the south. He strongly intrenched his army in a long line,extending east of Richmond and Petersburg, while Grantsettled down with dehberation for a protra
A history of the United States . , destrojdng crops and provisions, anddriving all the live stockbefore them with the ob-ject of so devastatingthat region that it wouldbe impossible for a Con-federate army to marchthrough it. Henceforth operationsin Virginia were confined largely to the region around Richmond. General Lee not only hadto defend the Confeder-ate capital, but he hadalso to hold Petersburgin order to keep up com-munications with the south. He strongly intrenched his army in a long line,extending east of Richmond and Petersburg, while Grantsettled down with dehberation for a protracted siege. Herethe two armies spent the winter of 1864-1865. Grantsarmy with its base on the James was kept well supplied withprovisions and equipment, while Lees army was growingthin and emaciated from slow starvation. When Grant was called East, Sherman was left in commandin the West, with instructions to advance against Atlanta,while Joseph E. Johnston succeeded Bragg and undertook TrenchfightingbeforeRichmondand Peters-burg. General Philip H. Sheridan. The Outcome of the War 415 the difficult task of holding Sherman in check. The latterbegan his advance from Chattanooga early in May, 1864,with 99,000 men. Johnston was at this time The fight forintrenched at Dalton in northern Georgia with Atlantaan army numbering about 53,000. Sherman turned John-stons position, and the latter had to fall back. As theFederal army continued to advance, Johnston fell back alongthe hue of the railway from Chattanooga to Atlanta, eon-testing every inch of ground and tearing up the tracks anddestroying the bridges as he proceeded, but Shermans en-gineers repaired the bridges and tracks almost as rapidlyas his army advanced. As Shermans army greatly outnumbered the Confederate,he proceeded by a series of flanking movements. Johnstonfell back from one intrenched position to another, but asthe Federal commander had enough troops to outflank him,he had to continue faUing back. Finally Johnston took
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