. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. parietal orbitosphenoid frontal supraoccipital dermal petrosal squamosal exoccipitol premaxilla basioccipitai mastoid process. occipital condyle foramen magnum dermal petrosal malleus incus stylomastoid foramen orbital fissure- orbitonasal foramen ethmoid foramen palatine foramina' foramen ovale petrosal occipital condyle mastoid process tympanic cavity exoccipitol |ugular foramen temporal canal fenestra vestibuli venous-facial canal Figure 3-9. Skull of Echidna (rachyglossus). A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view. choanal pass
. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. parietal orbitosphenoid frontal supraoccipital dermal petrosal squamosal exoccipitol premaxilla basioccipitai mastoid process. occipital condyle foramen magnum dermal petrosal malleus incus stylomastoid foramen orbital fissure- orbitonasal foramen ethmoid foramen palatine foramina' foramen ovale petrosal occipital condyle mastoid process tympanic cavity exoccipitol |ugular foramen temporal canal fenestra vestibuli venous-facial canal Figure 3-9. Skull of Echidna (rachyglossus). A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view. choanal passage from just above the sphenopalatine foramen to midway back on the ectopterygoid. Midway in their length they are fused to the basipterygoid processes of the basisphenoid and pierced by the pterygoid canal for the palatine (Vidian) nerve. Separating the second quarter of the length of the nasal passages (from front to rear) are the vomers. The two plates are fused ventrally and diverge dorsally to enclose the ven- tral margin of the bony nasal septum (vertical plate of ethmoid). The vomer extends from the anterior end of the pterygoid to a point just behind the anterior end of the palatine processes of the maxillae, where these meet at the midline. The palatine extends up into the orbit to meet the frontal and orbitosphenoid. This orbital extension is peculiar in that it extends backward, overlapping the orbitosphenoid, so 48 • OSTEOLOGY AND THE MAMMALIAN HEAD SKELETON. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Jollie, Malcolm. New York, Reinhold
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