. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . 31. Carnation layer (xj^), titious buds at that point, and to check the growth of thebranch at the tip. It is a common practice to cut the branchabout half in two obliquely, on the lower side. This ope-ration is known as tongueing. Ringing or girdling,twisting, notching, and various other methods are employed,none of which, perhaps; possess any peculiar advantages ingeneral practice. Some propagators cut all the buds fromthe covered portion. In this case the free and protrudingend of the layer is expected to form the top of
. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . 31. Carnation layer (xj^), titious buds at that point, and to check the growth of thebranch at the tip. It is a common practice to cut the branchabout half in two obliquely, on the lower side. This ope-ration is known as tongueing. Ringing or girdling,twisting, notching, and various other methods are employed,none of which, perhaps; possess any peculiar advantages ingeneral practice. Some propagators cut all the buds fromthe covered portion. In this case the free and protrudingend of the layer is expected to form the top of the newplant. Arching, or very abrupt bending, as in serpentinelayering, serves the same purpose and is the only attentionnecessary in most vines. A tongued carnation layer isshown in Fig. 31. The layered stem is at S, and the root isseen to have formed from the tongue. This method ofpropagating carnations is common in Europe, but the plantis always grown from cuttings in America. MOUND-LAYERING. 39. 32. Mound-layering of gooseberry. When large numbers of plants are desired, as in commer-cial nurseries, it is oftennecessary to cut back theparent plant to the ground,or very nearly so, for thepurpose of securing manyshoots fit for layering. Aplant which is cut back inthe spring will produceshoots fit for layering thefollowing spring ; or somespecies will produce them in abundance the same year iflayers of green or immature wood are desired. These pa-rent or stock plants are called .stools by nurserymen. In many species, layerage is performed to best advantageby heaping earth over the stool and around the is known as mound or stool-laverins. The shoots sendout roots near the base, and straight, stocky plants areobtained. The English gooseberries are almost exclusivelypropagated in this manner in this country. Fig. 32 showsa row of mound-layered gooseber-ries. The shoots are allowed toremain in layerage two years, inthe case of English gooseberries,if the best plants a
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