Farmers of forty centuries; or, Permanent agriculture in China, Korea and Japan . ose layer, were the kaoliang were plastered outside and in with a layer of thin earthmortar. A similar layer of stems, set up on the inside of the girtsand similarly plastered, formed the inner face of the wall of thehouse, leaving dead air spaces between the girts. Bricks made from earth and dried in the sun (Fig. 74) are veryextensively used for house building, with chaff and short strawas a binding material. A house in the process of building, where EARTH BRICKS 145 bricks of this kind were being u
Farmers of forty centuries; or, Permanent agriculture in China, Korea and Japan . ose layer, were the kaoliang were plastered outside and in with a layer of thin earthmortar. A similar layer of stems, set up on the inside of the girtsand similarly plastered, formed the inner face of the wall of thehouse, leaving dead air spaces between the girts. Bricks made from earth and dried in the sun (Fig. 74) are veryextensively used for house building, with chaff and short strawas a binding material. A house in the process of building, where EARTH BRICKS 145 bricks of this kind were being used, is seen in Fig. 75. Thefoundation of the dwelling, it will be observed, was laid withwell-formed hard-burnt bricks, these being necessary to preventcapillary moisture from the ground being drawn up and soften-ing the earth brick. Several kilns for burning brick, built of clay and earth, werepassed in our journey up the Pei ho, and stacked about them,covering an area of more than 800 feet back from the river, werebundles of the kaoliang stems to serve as fuel in the Fia. 74. - Air-dried earth brick for house building. The extensive use of the unburnt brick is necessitated by thedifficulty of obtaining fuel, and various methods are adopted toreduce the number of burnt bricks required in construction. Oneof these devices is shown in Fig. 64, where the city wall surround-ing Kashing is constructed of alternate courses of four layers ofburnt bricks separated by layers of simple sun-dried bricks. In addition to the multiple-function farm-grown crops usedfor food, fuel and building material, there is a large acreagedevoted to the growing of textile and fibre products, of which enor- 146 THE FUEL PROBLEM mous quantities are produced annually. In Japan, where some50 millions of people are chiefly fed on the produce of little morethan 21,000 square miles of cultivated land, there was growTi in1906 more than 75,500,000 pounds of cotton, hemp, flax and Chinagrass textile stock
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectagriculture, bookyear
