. Science of the sea. An elementary handbook of practical oceanography for travellers, sailors, and yachtsmen. ae have regular periodsof growth and rest just like the higher flowering plants. Utility of Algae.—The commercial value of algae isrelatively small. Formerly large quantities of Kelpand Fuci were gathered, and even grown, on the coastsof islands near Ireland and Scotland for the manufac-turing of carbonate of soda. This was, however, after-wards given up. Kelps are still collected for themanufacture of iodine. Many algae are used asmanure, and in Northern Norway cows are fed inwinter-
. Science of the sea. An elementary handbook of practical oceanography for travellers, sailors, and yachtsmen. ae have regular periodsof growth and rest just like the higher flowering plants. Utility of Algae.—The commercial value of algae isrelatively small. Formerly large quantities of Kelpand Fuci were gathered, and even grown, on the coastsof islands near Ireland and Scotland for the manufac-turing of carbonate of soda. This was, however, after-wards given up. Kelps are still collected for themanufacture of iodine. Many algae are used asmanure, and in Northern Norway cows are fed inwinter-time on Rhodymenia palmata (Dulce), if otherfodder is scarce. In the Indian Archipelago and inJapan various species of algae are consumed by thepeople, and species of Eucheuma and Sphaerococcusare the chief components of the famous agar-agar. The real importance of algae in oceanography liesin the fact that they form the basis of the ultimatefood-supply of the neritic or coastal fauna. The original drawings which illustrate this section were madeunder the authors direction by Mr. J. Obbes. ii \ \ i i If. ^ip Fig. 77.—Heliosph^ra. (After Hertwig. CHAPTER VTHE FLOATING ANIMALS BY THE EDITOR AND E. T. BROWNE To those animals and plants which float in the sea,whether at the surface or in deep water, the term Plankton is applied for brevity ;* they are con-trasted with the creatures which crawl upon, or arefixed to, the bottom. In modern usage, Plankton isgenerally taken to include even powerful swimmers,such as fish and cuttle-fish, as well as helpless andminute organisms. The Animal Plankton alone formsthe subject of this chapter. Both figures and text giveonly sufficient detail to help the beginner in finding * Plankton, from a Greek word meaning that whichis drifted, the organisms driven about by the wind, tide,and current. 162 ABUNDANCE OF PLANKTON 163 out to what groups of animals his catch order to find the real names of animals, or to learnsomething of their s
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectocean, bookyear1912
