. Fig. 25.—Covered smut of oats. The oats kernel is transformed into a mass of black powder, but the glumes remain more or less intact until the oats crop is nearly mature. of the two oats smuts has never been determined, but the average annual loss of over 5 million bushels from both smuts fully justifies the use of effective treatments. Control.—Control measures required for covered smut are the same as those for loose smut. For hulled oats the "dry" formaldehyde treatment (page 124), when carefully used, is most satisfactory, and for hulless oats copper carbonate dust (page

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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcolle, bookpublisherurbana, booksubjectgrain