. Palestine and Syria : with the chief routes through Mesopotamia and Babylonia : handbook for travellers . Augustus is said to have brought Roman colonists into the town, and coinsof Heliopolis show that the town was a Roman colony as early as the1st century. Antoninus Pius (138-161 ) began the building of a magnifi-cent temple to the three divinities of the town, and the work was carriedon by his successors and finished by Caracal!a (2L1-217). A temple wasalso erected to Bacchus. The worship of Venus was suppressed by Con-stantine the Great (824-337). Theodosius the Great (379-395) destr
. Palestine and Syria : with the chief routes through Mesopotamia and Babylonia : handbook for travellers . Augustus is said to have brought Roman colonists into the town, and coinsof Heliopolis show that the town was a Roman colony as early as the1st century. Antoninus Pius (138-161 ) began the building of a magnifi-cent temple to the three divinities of the town, and the work was carriedon by his successors and finished by Caracal!a (2L1-217). A temple wasalso erected to Bacchus. The worship of Venus was suppressed by Con-stantine the Great (824-337). Theodosius the Great (379-395) destroyedthe great temple, which had already been much damaged by earthquakes,and built a church opposite the facade of the old building (p. 327). Bothbefore and after Constantine the Christians were persecuted at a later period bishops of Heliopolis are mentioned. In 634 Baalbekwas conquered by Abu Ubeida (p. 302) The Arabs converted the acro-polis, the erection of which they attributed to Solomon, into a citadel atan early period. As a fortress it was important in the wars of the middle. Acropolis. BAALBEK. 39. Route. 325 agea. In 1139 the town and castle were captured by Emir Zenghi, and in1175 the district of Baalbek came into possession of Saladin. In 1260Baalbek was destroyed by Hulagu (p. Ixxxv), and it was afterwards con-quered by Timur. The ancient *Acropolis of Baalbek, surrounded by gardens, andrunning from W. to E., rises to the of the little town. It iscovered by the remains of two temples of the 2nd cent. , whichwere erected upon massive substructions and were preceded by courts.
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