At certain specific spots on the planet, pockets of magma from Earth’s lower mantle (the layer located above the outer core) rise to the surface very slowly, break through Earth’s crust, and produce volcanic massifs in the middle of lithospheric plates. These hot spots are immobile; the rows of volcanoes that they create attest to the movement of the tectonic plate above them.

---

Size: 1638px × 4829px
Photo credit: © QAI Publishing / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

Keywords: ., attest, break, color, create, crust, earth, earth’, geology, hot, illustration, immobile, lithospheric, magma, mantle, massifs, middle, movement, planet, plate, plates., pockets, produce, rise, rows, slowly, specific, spot, spots, structure, surface, tectonic, volcanic, volcano, volcanoes