. with thirty two illustrations and two maps . s which rest onthe wall-plates of the nave roof; but, in the greatmajority of cases, four great stalwart timbers, moreor less locked together, rise from the floor to carrythe superstructure. These I5th-cent. wooden ex-crescences on the west gable of the nave are commonthroughout the whole county on the smallerchurches. The following is a list of places wherewe have noticed them in addition to those we havealready mentioned :— Belchamp Otten, North Benfleet, West Bergholt,Bradwell-by-Coggeshall, Little Braxted, Bulphan,Great Canfield, Chap


. with thirty two illustrations and two maps . s which rest onthe wall-plates of the nave roof; but, in the greatmajority of cases, four great stalwart timbers, moreor less locked together, rise from the floor to carrythe superstructure. These I5th-cent. wooden ex-crescences on the west gable of the nave are commonthroughout the whole county on the smallerchurches. The following is a list of places wherewe have noticed them in addition to those we havealready mentioned :— Belchamp Otten, North Benfleet, West Bergholt,Bradwell-by-Coggeshall, Little Braxted, Bulphan,Great Canfield, Chappel Copford, Little Clacton,Colne Wakes, Easthorpe, North Fambridge, Faulk-bourn, Hadleigh, South Hanningfield, Hawkweli,Hutton, Lamborne, Laver Magdalen, Layer Breton,Little Leighs, Mashbury, Middleton, Mountnessing,Netteswell, Nevenden, Black Notley, White Notley,Great Oakley, Ongar, Ovington, Panfield, AythorpRoothing, Berners Roothing, High Roothing,Leaden Roothing, Margaret Roothing, Roxwell,Shopland, Southchurch, Great Stainbridge, Stanford 74. ECCLESIOLOGY Rivers, Steeple, Stow Maries, Little Tey, StaplefordTawney, Stondon Massey, Thundersley, East Til-bury, Great Totham, Ulthing, Vange, WillingaleSpain, Woodham Ferrers, Woodham Mortimer,Ulting, Woodham Walter, and Little Yeldham. In a fair number of cases when it was desired toraise existing stone towers for the better develop-ment of bell ringing, parishioners were content toadd to them timber belfries. Instances of this occurat Little Baddow, Barling, South Benfleet, Bird-brook, Braintree, Great Braxted, Great Burstead,Chrishall, Great Clacton, Good Easter, Hocksleigh,Hornchurch, Kelvedon, High Laver, Stifford,Stisted, Marks Tey, Little Totham, Upminster,Great and Little Wakering, and Wendens Ambo. The external coverings of these numerous spiresare of varying materials. In two or three cases, asat Stanford Rivers, Great Baddow, and Braintree,they are covered with lead. In many other instancesthe covering is of oak s


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1909